Hi,
I am simulating the converse and reverse piezoelectric effects.
The piezoelectric element used was PIC-255, and the elastic body was CFRP (50 GPa).
The simulation result of converse piezoelectric effect is similar to the experiment (about 20 V at 5 mm displacement).
The problem is the reverse piezoelectric effect.
In the experiment, when applied to the piezoelectric element from 0 to 110 V, displacement of about 0.5 mm occurs.
However, the simulation shows that a displacement of about 0.1 mm occurs.
To reduce this error, methods such as adhesive thickness and Base Vector System have been used but this problem still occurs.
I don't know what I overlooked.
Sincerely.